Each interview lasted approximately an hour and was audio recorded and transcribed. Interviews followed a semi-structured format, alternating readings of the vignette with general questions designed to elicit views on the events described. All participants exerted influence as political activists, including on social media, or were engaged in the arts or held a position of esteem and respect. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with Oxford residents between December 2018 and January 2019. Opinion leaders’ views were collected by means of a fictitious vignette describing the projected renovation of a central statue representing Lord Mountbatten, last Viceroy and first Governor-General of India, who oversaw the violent partition of India and Pakistan and was assassinated by the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in 1979. As in previous ETHOS reports, recognition, redistribution and representation constitute the main analytical framework of the investigation, but attention is also given to other ideals of justice which play a central role in the debates analysed. The study explores how tensions between different justice claims, especially those relating to racial, ethnic and class categories, emerge in the context of British imperial commemoration. The specific context is the city of Oxford, whose history and heritage has recently come under criticism for its role in British imperialism and its contemporary complicity (at a minimum) in the promotion of an colonial view of Britain’s place in the world.
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This report, produced as part of ETHOS WP4.3, examines UK opinion leaders’ understandings of justice and fairness in the commemoration of British history. Examining these shifting modes of preservation, presentation and interpretation, we query the tourists’ role as participants in the processes of stabilization and peace-building, proposing that in times of global re-evaluation of the symbolism of past monuments, these sites can serve to guide much needed analysis and reflection. We identify four approaches of destruction, delegitimization, decontextualization, and depoliticization, each tied to a particular political moment and rhetorical goal. Focusing on statue parks in Central and Eastern Europe showcasing communist-era sculptures, we examine strategies of exhibition and tourist responses to the multivalent presence of the monuments of past regimes.
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In this article, we argue that the heritagization of political figures and pasts is central to the reframing of such narratives and that tourists have a key, if sometimes unwitting, role to play in the shaping of the emerging political imaginaries.
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In their apparent permanence, these statues often outlive the political systems they were designed to glorify, creating a dilemma of how to exhibit their ambiguous or disgraced presence. In times of liquid modernity, when human lifespan often exceeds that of grand political structures, monumental statues continue to be built and celebrated as symbols of enduring ideological triumphs.